| Placebo (n = 30) | Vitamin D2 (n = 30) | Omega-33 (n = 30) | Vitamin D+ omega-34(n = 30) | P5 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Serum 25-OH-vitamin D (ng/mL) | |||||
 Baseline | 14.9 ± 3.2 | 13.6 ± 3.7 | 15.6 ± 4.0 | 14.2 ± 2.9 | 0.156 |
 End | 14.7 ± 3.2 | 31.7 ± 6.8 | 16.3 ± 4.6 | 33.8 ± 4.6 | <0.001 |
 Change | -0.2 ± 1.7 | 18.1 ± 4.4b | 0.7 ± 2.8 | 19.5 ± 3.2b | <0.001 |
hs-CRP (mg/L) | |||||
 Baseline | 7.2 ± 3.9 | 7.2 ± 6.4 | 8.0 ± 6.2 | 8.3 ± 4.6 | 0.815 |
 End | 8.1 ± 4.0 | 6.4 ± 3.9 | 6.7 ± 5.9 | 6.3 ± 4.7 | 0.407 |
 Change | 0.9 ± 2.7 | -0.8 ± 4.4 | −1.3 ± 2.4 | −2.0 ± 3.3a | 0.008 |
NO (μmol/L) | |||||
 Baseline | 51.1 ± 13.0 | 54.1 ± 4.9 | 46.9 ± 4.9 | 46.1 ± 5.2 | <0.001 |
 End | 52.5 ± 15.4 | 60.0 ± 7.9 | 51.5 ± 7.3 | 48.4 ± 5.1 | <0.001 |
 Change | 1.4 ± 11.4 | 5.9 ± 9.0 | 4.6 ± 9.2 | 2.3 ± 7.5 | 0.230 |
TAC (mmol/L) | |||||
 Baseline | 748.1 ± 109.7 | 807.2 ± 96.6 | 811.0 ± 54.3 | 906.4 ± 73.9 | <0.001 |
 End | 749.1 ± 91.2 | 862.3 ± 91.9 | 899.4 ± 112.8 | 998.5 ± 82.1 | <0.001 |
 Change | 1.0 ± 90.8 | 55.1 ± 123.6 | 88.4 ± 95.2a | 92.1 ± 70.1a | 0.001 |
GSH (μmol/L) | |||||
 Baseline | 491.8 ± 173.5 | 456.6 ± 67.8 | 532.5 ± 49.6 | 518.3 ± 64.2 | 0.020 |
 End | 484.0 ± 161.2 | 479.6 ± 59.7 | 562.5 ± 57.8 | 594.2 ± 60.9 | <0.001 |
 Change | −7.8 ± 126.5 | 23.0 ± 62.3 | 30.0 ± 66.5 | 75.9 ± 86.7a | 0.005 |
MDA (μmol/L) | |||||
 Baseline | 3.2 ± 1.0 | 2.7 ± 0.4 | 3.5 ± 0.8 | 3.0 ± 0.5 | <0.001 |
 End | 3.7 ± 1.6 | 2.5 ± 0.3 | 3.2 ± 0.4 | 2.5 ± 0.3 | <0.001 |
 Change | 0.5 ± 1.4 | −0.2 ± 0.5a | −0.3 ± 0.9a | −0.5 ± 0.5a | <0.001 |